NTRCA college written syllabus

E:\NTRCA\Exam\17th Exam'20\Written\Syllabus\Written_College level_17th Exam-2020 (1-52 code) (Main).doc    47 
 Unit 9 (Question 9) 10 
 Genetics  
- characterize the important 
terms of genetics and 
molecular genetics 
 
- illustrate genetic 
components 
  
- describe major issues of 
Mendelism, DNA, RNA, 
gene, genetic code, mutation 
  
- explain critical exception of 
Mendel’s laws 
  
- establish relationship genetic 
phenomena 
 
- analyze scientific 
importance of genetics 
  
- constitute population 
genetics equilibrium.   
Mendelism, Mendel’s laws of inheritance.  
Exceptions t o Mendelism: (A) Apparent exceptions of 
1st Law and 2nd Law (B) Real exceptions. 
Multiple allele, Pseudoallele.  
Sex determination: sex -limited, sex -linked and sex -
influenced traits. 
Cytoplasmic inheritance,  
Nucleic acid as genetic material: evidenc es to prove the 
genetic nature of DNA and RNA as the genetic material 
in viruses;  
DNA: chemical composition and structure, Watson-Crick 
model, 
RNA: chemical composition, structure, types. 
Replication of DNA: Types of replication, 
semiconservative metho ds of replication, molecular 
mechanism of DNA replication. 
DNA repair mechanisms: Photoreactivation, excision 
repair, post replication recombination repair, misrepair or 
SOS repair. 
Mutation: defination, types of mutation, mutagenic 
agents, molecular ba sis of mutation, detection of 
mutation in Drosophila by ClB, isolation of biochemical 
mutants in Neurospora. 
Fine structure of genes: Classical versus molecular 
concept of genes. 
Genetic code:  characteristics of genetic code, triplet 
nature of code,  deciphering the code, degeneracy and 
wobble, universality of the code, the code dictionary.  
Gene expression: requirements of protein synthesis - 
structure of ribosome, tRNA structure and their 
functions, factors of protein synthesis, transcription and 
translation. 
Biochemical genetics: one gene -one enzyme concept, 
one gene one polypeptide concept.  
Plasmid: definition, characteristics, types, replication and 
importance. 
Genetic constitution of a population: gene pool and gene 
frequencies, Hardy -Weinberg equilibrium and its 
modification under mutation, migration, selection and 
genetic drift. 
 
 Biotechnology  
- describe important terms of 
biotechnology  
- apply biotechniques 
- evaluate biotechnological 
Historical background, scope and importance of 
biotechnology. 
 
Laboratory organization, plant tissue culture equipment, 
technique, importance.