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BCSWritten
BCS written syllabus
General and technical cadres · 235 pages
Compulsory subjects and post-related subjects for professional and technical cadres. Confirm the applicable subject code in the recruitment notice.
Published by BPSC. Collected 2026-11-14. Confirm the edition and subject against your recruitment notice before studying.
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SYLLABUS FOR BCS (WRITTEN) EXAMINATION
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ARCHAEOLOGY
Part-II
Marks - 100
1. Archaeology and Fieldwork and the Basic Units Archaeology.
The Goals and the Framework of Archaeological Inquiry. What is field archaeology? Theoretical
Archaeology vs. Field Archaeology: Meaningless Opposition. Theoretical basis of archaeological
Fieldworks; Culture, Historical, Processual and Post -processual theoretical paradigms in
Archaeological Fieldwork. Archaeological Fieldwork Managemen t in the sociocultural context of
Bangladesh.
Basic Units: Artifacts and Ecofacts: Definition, Classification and interpretation. Importance of
Artifacts and Ecofacts in archaeological interpretation.
Stratigraphy: Law of Superposition. Law of Uniformatarianism. Law of sequence. Strata and
Stratification: Identification, Stratigraphy, Interpretation. Significance of Stratigraphy in the
reconstruction of chronology and culture.
Archaeological sites: Kinds of archaeological sites and their formation process.
Settlement Pattern: Definition, Determining factors of a settlement pattern.
Context: Definition, Space, Time, Form, Function, Structure and Content as dimensions of context.
Culture: Culture Historical view, Functional view and Interpretive view of Archaeology Culture.
2. Surface Exploration and Discovery: Methods, Equipment and Record. Objectives. Importance of
having objectives in exploration. Survey of Pre -historic, Proto -historic and Historical Sites. A
General Survey. Survey for a Specific Problem.
3. Methods of Sites Survey. Library and other types of pre -survey research. Ground Survey. Aerial
Survey. Map Reading, Geophysical Prospecting. Chemical Survey, Physical Features Rocks and
Minerals. Soil Sampling, Ethno logical Data Collection. Legends and Folktales. Methods of Data
Retrieval. Methods of Recording. Site Survey Data. Staff. Exploration Kit.
4. Excavation: Principles and Methods. Problems and Strategy. Permission, Funding and Law with
special reference to Bang ladesh. Mapping. The Processes, Methods and Types of Excavation.
Recurrent Types of Context and their excavation. Excavation of Structures. Excavation of Sites
without Features. Excavation Staff , Equipments and Logistics. Planning and Management of
Excavation. Field Preservation. Responsibility and Qualifications of an Excavation Team.
Importance and Methods of Recording in Excavation. Recording of pottery and Small Finds.
Artifacts and Ecofacts: Their Recovery and Treatment.
5. Post Fieldwork Planning, Processing and Finds Analysis and Dating:
Post-Fieldwork Planning. Finds Analysis. Pottery Analysis, Stone, Metal and Organic Artifacts
Analysis, Bones, Seeds and Other Plants Remains Analysis. Soil and Sediments Analysis. Pollen ,
Land Snail and other Environmental Sample Analysis.
Dating, Absolute and Relative Dating Techniques. Radio Carbon Dating. Thermoluminiscence
Dating, Archaeomagnetism. Dendrochronology, Stratigraphic Dating, Cross Dating. Flourine -
Uranium-Nitrogen Dating.
6. Interpreting the Evidence: What is Interpretation? Levels of Interpretation. Interpreting Site's
Environment. Interpreting the Household Activity Areas, Community Activity Areas. Interpretation
of How People Lived.
7. Prehistoric tools, techniques and uses.